People cross a street protected by anti-drone nets in front-line Kherson, Ukraine, on October 2, 2025.
NurPhoto via Getty Images
On July 1, a Russian first-person-view (FPV) drone struck a civilian minibus carrying commuters through central Kherson, killing two passengers and injuring nine others. The attack was the latest in what Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky has described as a “safari-like hunt for civilians.” Rather than an isolated incident, it reflected a broader strategy reshaping Ukraine’s frontline regions.
Russia now combines FPV drones, artillery, glide bombs and remotely delivered anti-personnel mines in a coordinated effort to make frontline communities uninhabitable. Beyond conventional bombardment, it disrupts transport, emergency services, humanitarian operations and local commerce, pressuring civilians to leave.
Oleksandr Tolokonnikov, deputy head of the Kherson Regional Military Administration, wrote in May that Russian drone attacks had more than doubled over the previous year, from roughly 2,500 a week to around 5,500. He added that Russian drone units now target transport and logistics, damaging or destroying at least 230 civilian and emergency vehicles in April 2026 alone.
The pattern extends beyond Ukrainian government reporting. In May 2025, the United Nations Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine concluded that Russian drone attacks against civilians in Kherson Oblast were widespread and systematic and amounted to murder as a crime against humanity.
Investigators documented repeated attacks on pedestrians, cyclists, civilian vehicles, ambulances and emergency responders, concluding the assault was intended to spread terror and force civilians from the region.
Zarina Zabrisky, a U.S. journalist based in Kherson and director of the documentary Kherson: Human Safari, said Russia’s focus has shifted from simply striking targets to disrupting the basic functions of city life.
“The purpose is the drone siege of the place. Destroying logistics, restricting movement and creating demoralization that leads to forced depopulation,” Zabrisky said.
According to Zabrisky, Russian forces are also expanding their use of drones beyond direct attacks, dropping camouflaged anti-personnel mines along roads and in residential areas to restrict civilian movement. More recently, drones have been used to drop incendiary mixtures that ignite apartment buildings and residential blocks.
She added that similar methods are now appearing around Nikopol, Sumy, Zaporizhzhia, Kramatorsk and Kostiantynivka, suggesting Russia is replicating an approach first refined in Kherson elsewhere along the front.
Natalia Kuzovova, a professor from Kherson who fled Russian occupation in 2022 and whose home was later destroyed during Russian shelling, told me the attacks should be understood as a single military campaign rather than isolated acts of violence.
“Shelling, drones, strike UAVs and glide bombs are not separate phenomena. They are part of deliberate actions by the Russian army,” Kuzovova said.
She said Russian forces shift between glide bombs, artillery, FPV drones and remotely delivered anti-personnel mines depending on battlefield conditions, but pursue the same objective: making frontline communities uninhabitable. The attacks extend beyond civilians to housing, hospitals, schools and other infrastructure that allows cities to function.
Ruslan Tsarenok of Ukraine’s 27th National Guard Brigade said Russian forces are also increasingly targeting civilian infrastructure to force depopulation. “They are knocking out civilian infrastructure so that civilians leave, and then they move in and dismantle the area further,” he told me.
Zabrisky said Kherson has become “a laboratory for this form of warfare.” If there is no effective deterrence or accountability, she warned, tactics first refined in Kherson are likely to spread beyond Ukraine.
Kherson’s Drone Siege Spreads
That assessment is echoed by Alina Holovko, co-founder of the humanitarian organization Dobra Sprava, who evacuates civilians from frontline towns in the Donbas.
Holovko told me Russian FPV drones are targeting civilians in Sloviansk and Kramatorsk. “They deliberately target civilian homes, cars and people in the streets.” She said the attacks extend well beyond isolated strikes, hitting postal vans delivering pensions, emergency vehicles and evacuation traffic. Russian operators also conceal “waiting drones” along roads before attacking vehicles as they slow.
Conditions in Sloviansk reflect Holovko’s account. In a June social media post, Lyuba Shipovich, CEO of Dignitas Ukraine, shared footage from the city, writing: “Sloviansk. Fourteen kilometers from the enemy. Enemy FPV drones are flying over city streets. ‘Maybe we’ll make it through this time,’ local residents hope.”
In a January 2025 article, The Economist reported that Roman Mrochko, head of the Kherson City Military Administration, suggested that Russian forces may be using Kherson as a training ground for FPV drone operators, while noting other possible explanations, including the creation of a buffer zone or preparation for future offensives.
Zabrisky added that intercepted communications and witness accounts suggest Russian drone operators are regularly rotated through Kherson and nearby areas, although those claims have not been independently verified.
“Early in the war, FPVs chased tanks. Now every FPV is chasing people,” Ukrainian lawmaker Oleksandra Ustinova told me.
Ukrainian historian Yaroslav Hrytsak told me the technology is new, but the strategy is not. He sees echoes of Russia’s campaigns in Chechnya, where Russian forces deliberately targeted markets, crowded streets and other civilian gathering places. What has changed, he said, is that inexpensive drones now allow similar pressure to be applied continuously and at far lower cost.
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